4:41:00 AM
PERIODIC TABLE
Ø The
arrangement of elements in Periodic table made easy to study their properties.
Ø The
elements are arranged in the increasing order of their atomic numbers.
-
Atomic number is equal to the number of
electrons in the orbits ( or energy shells) of an atom.
Ø Modern
periodic law -“The physical and chemical properties of elements are the periodic
functions of their atomic number”.
ü Modern
Periodic Table has 18 Groups (vertical columns) and 7 Periods (horizontal
rows).
ü The
elements belonging to a particular group have same number of valence electrons.
ü The
period number indicates the number of shells in the atom of an element.
Modern Periodic table
(Long form of Periodic table)
|
valency
|
|
1+
|
2+
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3+
|
4
|
3-
|
2-
|
1-
|
0
|
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|
No. of valence electrons
|
1
|
2
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3
|
4
|
5
|
6
|
7
|
8
|
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|
|
IA
|
IIA
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
IIIA
|
IVA
|
VA
|
VIA
|
VIIA
|
0
|
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|
1
|
2
|
3
|
4
|
5
|
6
|
7
|
8
|
9
|
10
|
11
|
12
|
13
|
14
|
15
|
16
|
17
|
18
|
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|
PERIOD
1 1 shell
|
H- 1
|
He-2
|
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|
PERIOD
2
2
shells
|
Li
2,1
|
Be
2,2
|
B 2,3
|
C 2,4
|
N 2,5
|
O 2,6
|
F 2,7
|
Ne 2,8
|
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|
PERIOD
3
3
shells
|
Na
2,8,1
|
Mg
2,8,2
|
Al
2,8,3
|
Si
2,8,4
|
P
2,8,5
|
S
2,8,6
|
Cl
2,8,7
|
Ar
2,8,8
|
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|
PERIOD
4
4
shells
|
K
2,8,8,1
|
Ca
2,8,8,2
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Br
|
Kr
|
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|
PERIOD
5
|
Rb
|
Sr
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
I
|
Xe
|
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|
PERIOD
6
|
Cs
|
Ba
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
At
|
Rn
|
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|
PERIOD
7
|
Fr
|
Ra
|
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|
ALKALI METALS
|
ALKALINE EARTH METALS
|
TRANSITION ELEMENTS (METALS)
|
HALOGENS
|
NOBLE GASES
|
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